Part thirty-five of a tour through Greek inflectional morphology to help get students thinking more systematically about the word forms they see (and maybe teach a bit of general linguistics along the way).
To finish up our coverage of the imperfect indicative endings, we’ll now use the disambiguation we did in the previous post to produce SBLGNT counts for the imperfect middles.
| class | # lemmas | # tokens | # hapakes | lemmas (* = hapax) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IM-1 | 54 | 124 | 34 | |
| IM-2 | 13 | 27 | 9 | |
| IM-3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| IM-4 | 6 | 7 | 5 | ἐμβριμάομαι* ἰάομαι προοράω* ἐπακροάομαι* πειράω* μασάομαι* |
| IM-5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | χράομαι* |
| IM-6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| IM-7 | 1 | 2 | 0 | ἐκτίθημι |
| IM-8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| IM-9 | 4 | 28 | 2 | ἐξίστημι δύναμαι ἀφίσταμαι* ἀνθίστημι* |
| IM-10 | 1 | 20 | 0 | εἰμί |
| IM-11 | 5 | 13 | 1 | συνανάκειμαι ἀνάκειμαι* κεῖμαι κατάκειμαι ἐπίκειμαι |
| IM-12 | 1 | 11 | 0 | κάθημαι |
And the counts for each paradigm cell for each class:
| IM-1 | IM-2 | IM-3 | IM-4 | IM-5 | IM-6 | IM-7 | IM-8 | IM-9 | IM-10 | IM-11 | IM-12 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1SG | 8 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 0 |
| 2SG | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 3SG | 66 | 8 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 10 | 11 |
| 1PL | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
| 2PL | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 3PL | 46 | 17 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| TOTAL | 124 | 27 | 0 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 28 | 20 | 13 | 11 |
And just like we did for the actives, let’s summarise which forms and distinguisher patterns are most common:
| IM-1 | IM-2 | IM-4 | IM-5 | IM-7 | IM-9 | IM-10 | IM-11 | IM-12 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1SG | ἐβουλόμην 3/8 + other -όμην | ἐφοβούμην 1/1 | προορώμην 1/1 | ἤμην 15/15 | |||||
| 2SG | ἤρχου 1/1 | ||||||||
| 3SG | -ετο | -εῖτο | ἰᾶτο 2/2 | ἐξετίθετο 2/2 | ἐδύνατο 11/18 + other -ατο | ἔκειτο 4/10 κατέκειτο 4/10 + other -ειτο | ἐκάθητο 11/11 | ||
| 1PL | ἐπορευόμεθα 1/1 | ἤμεθα 5/5 | |||||||
| 2PL | διελογίζεσθε 1/2 ἀνείχεσθε 1/2 | ἠκαιρεῖσθε 1/1 | ἐδύνασθε 1/1 | ||||||
| 3PL | -οντο | ἐφοβοῦντο 10/17 + other -οῦντο | ἐνεβριμῶντο 1/4 ἐπηκροῶντο 1/4 ἐπειρῶντο 1/4 ἐμασῶντο 1/4 | ἐχρῶντο 1/1 | ἐξίσταντο 6/9 ἠδύναντο 3/9 | συνανέκειντο 2/3 ἐπέκειντο 1/3 |
That brings our discussion of the imperfect middles up to where we got to three posts ago with the imperfect actives and where we got with the present indicatives many posts ago.
There’s one more post I’ll do to close out the year (before moving on to the aorist system in 2020). I want to look at the relationship between the “X” in the present and the “X” in the imperfect within each lexeme for which we have forms in each. In other words, we’ll take a closer (although not yet comprehensive) look at the augment.